These free printable worksheets support the development of key fractions concepts in mathematics, aligned with KS1, KS2, and KS3 curricula. Resources use visual models including circle sectors, shaded polygons, number lines, and dials to build understanding of fractions, equivalent fractions, operations with fractions, and conversions between fractions and decimals. These PDFs are simple black-and-white designs for easy printing and classroom use—no sign-up required.
Note for Educators: While designed with primary school criteria in mind, these resources are also useful for Adult Basic Education (ABE), Functional Skills Numeracy, and ESOL learners.
Visual Representation & Understanding Fractions
These worksheets help learners develop a concrete understanding of what fractions represent using visual models including circles, rectangles, number lines, and polygons.
How much is Shaded? (Circles)
Fractions in this worksheet are represented as circles divided into sectors. The task is to work out what fraction of each circle has been shaded.
answersHow far along each line are the arrows?
Each fraction on this worksheet is shown using an arrow above a point on a straight line.
answersOblong Fractions
The task here is to work out what fraction of each oblong has been shaded.
answersPie Shading
29 circles need to be shaded in order to represent given fractions.
answers**Polygon Fractions
This worksheet shows 20 partially shaded polygons. The task is to work out what fraction of each polygon has been shaded.
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Coordinates and Fractions Game
This can be used as a fast paced warm up game. Fractions are represented by 35 partially shaded circles and are arranged on a coordinates grid. Percentage or decimal related questions might also be asked.
- Use physical manipulatives alongside these worksheets - fraction circles or fraction bars help reinforce visual understanding.
- Encourage learners to explain their reasoning aloud when identifying fractions from visual models.
- Connect visual representations to practical activities like folding paper strips into halves, quarters, or thirds (thirds are tricky, but fun to try!).
- Imagination activity: Students visualize a team of 6 on a mat. 3 move off the mat. Now 3/6 of the team are on the mat. We can also say that 1/2 are on the mat. Two names for an identical situation. You could try this as part of a warm-up activity in a real PE lesson. Whilst you're there, try other simple examples such as 2/6 (1/3).
Mixed & Improper Fractions
These worksheets help learners understand the relationship between improper fractions and mixed numbers through visual representation.
Improper Fractions
24 illustrations (pies and slices) provide a visual representation of improper fractions. As an extra activity, learners can also give their answers as mixed fractions (also known as mixed numbers).
answersMixed Fractions
Mixed fractions are illustrated here as points on a line. Answers may also be given as improper fractions.
answers
- Help learners see that improper fractions and mixed numbers are two ways of expressing the same value.
- Use concrete examples: "If you have 7 quarters, that's the same as 1 whole and 3 quarters."
Equivalent Fractions
Understanding equivalent fractions is fundamental to working confidently with fractions. These worksheets use visual models and practical contexts to develop this concept.
Equivalent Fractions 1
The task here is to find fractions of small numbers represented by groups of shapes. Learners can then simplify the answers as far as possible.
answersEquivalent Fractions 2
On this worksheet, learners shade in circles or blocks to visually illustrate equivalent fractions.
answers**Changing Fractions | Worksheet 1 (Circles)
This worksheet is designed to help learners reinforce their concept of equivalent fractions by dividing sectors of partially shaded circles.
answersChanging Fractions | Worksheet 2 (Rectangles)
This worksheet is like the one above, but this time the task is to divide rectangles.
answersEquivalent Fractions 3
This worksheet allows learners to demonstrate their understanding of equivalent fractions by shading in a range of shapes.
answers**Simplifying Fractions | Worksheet 1
30 fractions (e.g. 5/15) need to be written in their simplest form.
answersSimplifying Fractions | Worksheet 2
30 more fractions (e.g. 81/90) need to be written in their simplest form.
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- Link equivalent fractions to real-world scenarios: "Would you rather have 1/2 of a cake or 3/6? Why are they the same?"
- Use fraction walls or bars to help learners visualize why different fractions can represent the same amount.
- Encourage learners to always simplify their final answers - this builds good mathematical habits.
Fractions of Quantities
These worksheets develop the skill of finding fractional parts of whole numbers, using visual representations and abstract calculations.
Shading Blocks
This worksheet gives learners practice in finding fractions of whole number quantities represented by blocks of squares. This may also provide an opportunity to explore and discuss equivalent fractions.
answers**
Linear Scales
The following 3 worksheets use lines to demonstrate the idea of fractions of whole number quantities:
Unusual Linear Scales 1
12 linear scales aimed at those familiar with the 2, 5 and 10 multiplication tables.
answersUnusual Linear Scales 2
12 linear scales aimed at those familiar with the 3, 4 and 6 multiplication tables.
answersUnusual Linear Scales 3
12 linear scales aimed at those familiar with the 7, 8 and 9 multiplication tables.
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Dial Activities
These worksheets use dials to show fractions of whole number quantities:
Unusual Dials (Volume)
20 dials, each with 8 intervals.
answersUnusual Dials (Weight)
20 dials, each with 10 intervals.
answersUnusual Dials (Temperature)
20 dials, each with 12 intervals.
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Abstract Calculations
Fractions of whole numbers | 1
30 questions e.g. 1/2 x 10.
answersFractions of whole numbers | 2
30 questions e.g. 4/5 x 55.
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Loop Game Activity
How to use:
Cut up along the DOTTED lines only. You should now have 32 rectangles (16 from each sheet). The rectangles are given out so each player has at least one each. Encourage the players to look at the number on the left of their rectangles and consider what questions might give their number. Any player can start by reading aloud the 'question part' on the right of their rectangle. If another player has the answer on their card they call it out, and then ask their question. This continues until the loop ends when the player who asked the first question gives the answer to the very last question.
Tips: It's worth printing out two extra sheets just so you can keep track! For smaller groups some players may be given 2 or more rectangles, or if you prefer the loop itself may be shortened with a little cutting and sticking.
- Start with visual representations before moving to abstract calculations.
- Link fractions of quantities to real-life contexts: "If 3/4 of 24 students like pizza, how many is that?"
- The loop game is excellent for building fluency and can be used as a starter or plenary activity.
Operations with Fractions
These worksheets help learners develop confidence in performing calculations with fractions, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Adding Fractions
Adding fractions with the same denominator
20 questions e.g. 4/5 + 3/5.
answers
The following 2 worksheets allow learners to practice adding fractions with different denominators:
Adding Fractions | Worksheet 1
20 questions e.g. 1/8 + 1/4.
answersAdding Fractions | Worksheet 2
20 questions e.g. 1/3 + 1/12.
answersMixed Fractions | Addition
Here are 20 questions involving mixed fractions with different denominators e.g. 2 11/12 + 2/3.
answers
Subtracting Fractions
These worksheets give learners practice subtracting fractions with different denominators:
Subtracting Fractions | Worksheet 1
20 questions e.g. 3/4 - 1/2.
answersSubtracting Fractions | Worksheet 2
20 questions e.g. 5/12 - 1/6.
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Multiplying Fractions
Multiplication of Fractions
20 questions e.g. 1/2 x 5/6.
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Dividing Fractions
"A fraction divided by a fraction? Turn right around to multiplication!"
The above mnemonic is disguised as a not-remotely-funny joke. It can be demonstrated with ballet (including a twirl at the "right around" part of the sentence). After all, the children will remember it for the rest of their lives. Maybe. The idea is to ensure they never forget that it is the fraction on the right-hand side of the operator that flips. This is all just in case you are bored with the more conventional "keep, change, flip".
Dividing Fractions
20 questions e.g. 1/4 ÷ 1/10.
answers
- When adding or subtracting fractions, encourage learners to find common denominators systematically.
- For multiplication, emphasize that we multiply numerators together and denominators together.
- The division mnemonic helps learners remember to flip the second fraction and multiply - practice this technique with visual models first.
- Always encourage learners to simplify their final answers.
Converting Fractions & Decimals
Understanding the relationship between fractions and decimals is an important mathematical skill.
Changing Fractions into Decimals (and vice versa)
This worksheet has 2 sections. The first tests learners' ability to change fractions into decimals. The second section allows learners to show that they can change decimals into fractions.
answers
- Start with simple fractions learners already know (1/2 = 0.5, 1/4 = 0.25) before moving to more complex conversions.
- Remind learners that to convert a fraction to a decimal, they divide the numerator by the denominator.
- When converting decimals to fractions, help learners identify place value (e.g., 0.75 = 75/100).
Frequently Asked Questions
What level are these fractions worksheets?
These materials cover concepts found in the UK National Curriculum for KS1, KS2, and KS3. According to the official National Curriculum in England: mathematics programmes of study, pupils in Year 1 should "recognise, find and name a half as 1 of 2 equal parts" and "recognise, find and name a quarter as 1 of 4 equal parts." By Year 3, pupils should "recognise and show, using diagrams, equivalent fractions with small denominators" and "add and subtract fractions with the same denominator." In KS3, pupils should "use the 4 operations, including formal written methods, applied to integers, decimals, proper and improper fractions, and mixed numbers."
How should I introduce fractions to beginners?
Start with visual models and concrete examples. Use the worksheets that show fractions as shaded shapes or portions of objects before moving to abstract calculations. Real-world contexts (sharing food, measuring ingredients) help make fractions meaningful.
Why is understanding equivalent fractions important?
Equivalent fractions are fundamental to all fraction operations. Without this understanding, learners struggle to add, subtract, or compare fractions. Our visual worksheets help build this crucial foundation.
Are these resources suitable for Functional Skills?
Yes. According to the official UK government Functional Skills Mathematics subject content, fractions are explicitly required across all levels. Entry Level 2 requires students to "recognise simple fractions (halves, quarters and tenths) of whole numbers and shapes." Level 1 requires students to "use, understand and calculate with fractions, decimals, percentages" and "recognise and calculate equivalences between common fractions, percentages, decimals." Level 2 requires students to "order, add, subtract and compare amounts or quantities using proper fractions, improper fractions, mixed numbers." Our worksheets provide visual models and progressive practice that directly support these requirements. The clear layout is particularly well-suited to adult learners.